Should capital invitation of the basic education sector, 82 years old foreign academician, Chinese Academy of Sciences of the \"Einstein lecture\" Professor, a famous physicist, Nobel Prize in physics winner Yang Zhenning, recently arrived from Beijing and Beijing Institute of education and basic education in Western China representatives of key frontline demonstration school principals, teachers had an informal discussion.
Professor Yang Chen-Ning with a profound vision, full of philosophy of language, in-depth analysis, fully affirmed the significant achievements of the Chinese basic education, at the same time on the hot issues of the current education, about his views. Yang said: \"I spent 20 years in China, the United States for more than 60 years, and taught in the two countries, on the general social situation and background of some of the two countries, both similarities and differences of national education, good and bad, is that I often wonder\". Because of this, Yang Chen-Ning in comparative education between China and the talks never left the main line.
Education between China and the traditional distinction is
Yang said: \"I always think that a very important pillar of the success of the new China was greatly popular primary and secondary education after the liberation! In the 1930 of the 20th century, when I was in the original Peking to read school, illiteracy in Peking, no less than 50%, or 70% or 80%; not counting foreign population, I\'m afraid very few 10-40 residents are illiterate in Beijing today. To have such remarkable economic development in China, where a credit event is, most people get the opportunity to receive education. India, and Brazil, and Mexico is a very large country, level of education in these countries is far from being reached so popular in China. This is a historical fact and long-term significance. ”
Chen Ning Yang went on to the topic of conversation turned to the meeting of principals, teachers, made a very tough questions. He said: \"United States economic development ahead of the world of science and technology, is each region should abandon the policy of education or the philosophy of education, to the United States the direction of learning? \"He said:\" I have thought about this issue. Education is a very complex matter. China, Japan, and Korea, and Singapore, Hong Kong, education philosophy of these countries and regions by the effects of traditional Chinese culture, Western, particularly United States educational tradition has a great deal of difference. From China, Korea, and Japan to the United States school children, generally than the United States none, students of the same age Foundation is solid, so it is with college students and the students of the Institute. But all of the United States secondary school, College, graduate school of teacher, as well as the United States students, all have the same impression, Chinese students will be doing research. This is also a very common phenomenon. What shall we come to the conclusion is. It is China\'s primary, secondary and university education approach, has its strong point. I suffer myself this benefit, when I was reading in the Southwest, the teacher was responsible, teach very thoroughly, I go into the United States found, some of the lessons I have read the; United States education in home education completely different to me. This phenomenon is still retained. Chinese secondary schools, University students go abroad to study, results are very good, but why Chinese students abroad study on impression does not do. Due to the measures for the training of students in China and the United States are different, Chinese schools teach students tend to think of, all the important things are the predecessors had done, how can the challenges over the past several decades, hundreds of years, thousands of years of contribution to a philosopher. ”
He analyses why, said: \"should speak more clearly to the Chinese students are initially does not do research, while working in new research, guts is relatively small, not to develop in new directions. But after actually doing research work, many students did very well, and they work very hard. In the United States a large national laboratories, one of the machines is usually a 24 hour, you will find after 12 o\'clock in the evening and continued to work, usually students in China. When it comes to graduate, is often the Chinese students did very well. To obtain a PhD, Chinese students are not worse than the foreign students. ”
He said: \"If you ask me, is good education policy in China or the United States education policy well, I think this is not a simple answer, any simple answers are wrong, because this relates to the thousands of schools, thousands of families, thousands of children are not possible with a simple answer. Method of training including primary and middle school students, college students, is good or bad, I thought for a very long time, reached the conclusion that, for most students, I think China policy is good. Because it can boot the children up to the path of their social role to play in the future. To understand the meaning of this word to the United States will know. I in the United States taught a two-year course of the first year of college-level physics, United States school whether it is a very good school, it is not too successful school, freshman students are mostly still around, what happened to the world, themselves going on, what are thought of in the future. This United States relationship between social structure as a whole, education also accounts for part of the reason. While in China, children matured much. But for talent particularly good students, China\'s policy is not necessarily good. ”
China to understand United States education background
Engaged in physics research of Yang Chen-Ning, attaches great importance to quantitative analysis, education is no exception, he said: \"China step by step to knowledge to children, average was good, but the education system in China
From primary and secondary schools, there is a bad place, is particularly good, new definitions today, 5% in the most intelligent student of comparative disadvantage. The negative side, in the United States has done very well, children can give full play to their strengths, for example, there is a very famous physicist named Feynman, this person has a very rich in ideas, doing a lot of very important work, but he was brought up speaking like doing things that others do not. What I often say he will stay in China, it is difficult to become a great physicist, because society as a whole are not allowed to him, he did.For example, Bill Gates, he would not have today\'s achievements in China. United States reasons for the success of a very important, is on these is different from other people, people with special skills, special talents, to give a great deal of space, they can be developed. This is the United States today in academic, an important reason for success in economic development. There is another reason, is United States venture capital is more successful. After the second world war, United Kingdom was the Nobel Prize in biotechnology research is extensive, but on the whole bio-not with the United States, this is because it is not a good system of venture capital. This is the United States now another important success factors. ”
Professor Yang Chen-Ning said: \"one country, a community itself has a long tradition of not one or two days to come, education workers, including people who study philosophy of education systems, education, is important to understand the United States what is the success of the background. ”
He said: \"in China, a proud people we don\'t like, United States comparative tolerance on such people. Can be certified by the one thing this remark, 20th century\'s most important articles in biology is called of the double helix, is a named Wat son 1953 written by Americans and a British named Crick. When they wrote the article, a more than 20 years, a more than 30 years, a number of years, they received the Nobel Prize. I know both of them, they are talking less polite people. In the 1960 of the 20th century, Watson wrote an article called the book of the double helix, opened the book to know him and his tone that is a person, the first sentence is a famous, said, \"I have never seen my companion does not adopt an arrogant attitude towards others.\" This description of Crick\'s very rushed to speak. Watson speaking so, very rushed. ”
He said: \"Chinese academic circles on this is not like. Some foundations, judges, when discussing whether someone should be winning, comparative impact on speech often don\'t like it, is not willing to vote for these people\'s votes. This is China and the West in particular and the United States one of the traditional respectively. I personally think that China should go to the Western tradition in this regard, it will be good for the development of the science. United States for some such people than loose in China, it is related to the successful development of science and technology. This is worthy of particular attention in the education sector in China. ”
Copy the United States cannot solve the China education
Professor Yang Chen-Ning are concerned about the education of current hot issues in China. He said: \"China now has a social phenomena, is a child to College, the whole family is very tense, and many of families are very tight so that the whole community to form a pressure, and under this pressure there have been some calls, that problems in the education system in China, foolish child. This is a need to attach great importance to the issue. ”
He said: \"a child College, family is nervous, the main reason, is a Chinese school enough. China to enroll 3.8 million students in the fall of this year, this amount many times greater than at the beginning of reform and opening up, however, compared to 1.3 billion people, this is still a very small number. If the sharp increase in the number of universities in China, pressure will naturally decrease. However, running where do requirements come from? Where teachers come from? A series of questions to the. This is a very difficult problem. Not United States philosophy of moving will be solved. ”
He said: \"China\'s 400 million people in the city, 900 million in the country, thinking of the 900 million peasants, I dare not speak, because I have too little. 400 million urban residents in China today scientific thinking, or scientific approach, never better than United States generally low. From the success rate in terms of education, United States is 12-year compulsory education, but in New York City, 12-year compulsory education, illiteracy a dime a dozen. They think there\'s a lot of schools, children in schools is a scourge, was quickly sent out, no matter whether they study in polarization in their results, one side is the well-educated people, one side is the level of knowledge, ways of thinking, quality grade, values are not the ideal person. From the perspective of overall, I think tall as level of education of China\'s 400 million urban residents. ”
He said: \"the child is focused on inspiring, is also focusing on them, this is a traditional society, is not easy to come for a moment. United States a grade of primary school students is different from a grade of primary school students in China, Chinese student of obedient, average quiet, United States of the boys to move to, pants. This structure is not the same for the entire society, formation of the society\'s values is not the same. Chinese educators should note that there is this difference, it is necessary to know that it is hard to tell which one which is not good. Comparison of Chinese child quiet, obedient, and of course easy to effectively educate their knowledge, so he developed a philosophy of education in China and United States comparison tolerance, the children
Strange moves more, it has natural sense, also has a strong social structure, or even a genetic factor in it. Not hastily to conclusions which to which bad. I think both the strong and weak points, different child is not the same, their view of things with their teachers are also related, if a teacher more attention encourages children to pay attention, interests in mind, this is conducive to healthy growth of children. I in the United States taught for many years the books, found United States child, whether it is a high school junior high school students, it also likes to get, it\'s like, the advantage is exposure to many things, the downside is attention often focused. China instead, more concentrated, quiet, are really studying the benefits, harm is not conducive to the development in all directions. ”He said: \"the United States like reform, tempers out theory. Has a very famous of story, is said in Qian Soviet satellite Shang Tin Hau, Americans think United States backward has, and think main causes is United States mathematics education not, to has new mathematics, new mathematics of approach with traditional of does not as, to to is abstract of concept is early placed in, has many school take has, had has some years, found this item reform very does not success, to 670 generation new mathematics on no people Lane has. There is also an example, is Feynman wrote a very good set of university textbooks, school officials said the writing very well, but generally the teacher can\'t teach, because the books involve too much, too deep, teachers are afraid of being students asked questions in answering it. I speak these is to say, to mind your p\'s and educational reform in China. But not saying that can\'t move. ”
He said: \"teenager class of China University of science and technology was established 20 years ago, was in the whole of China are very famous, I in the United States saw in the newspaper, 33-year old child was selected in the. This incident has made more than 20 years, from the national position about equal to the test for 20 years, it should summarize seriously. If you have a fairly clear conclusions, not just for China education, education for gifted children in the world is also a major contribution. ”
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