Breastfeeding premature extra nutrients

Refers to giving birth less than 37 weeks of pregnancy of neonatal in premature infants. Breast milk contains easy digestion and absorption of proteins, fat, lactose, there is the right amount of trace elements, vitamins, enzymes and immune factors and so on, is the best food in preterm infants. But because of the physiological characteristics of premature infants, some trace elements in breast milk (such as iron, zinc) and vitamins (d, c, b, and so on) supply cannot guarantee that their needs, and these nutrients are necessary in order to ensure the intellectual growth of premature infants , such as do not add these nutrients in a timely manner will result in lack of nutrients, which is not conducive to intellectual development of premature infants.

Calcium, iron, zinc, etc occurs in preterm infants low values due to late pregnancy is fetal complete trace elements necessary for normal body reserves reach\'s important stages, premature birth, fetal incapable late in pregnancy in premature infants received adequate reserves in the body from the matrix , thus easy to lack. Such as:

① pregnancy late calcium phosphorus accumulation volume accounted for its total accumulation volume of 80%, and in preterm infants breast in the calcium phosphorus content less, even is enough breast feeding, calcium of uptake volume also just fetal late of 1/3~1/2 , coupled with Cholic acid secretion insufficient, fat dissolved sexual vitamin d of absorption partial low, therefore fetal age more small of in preterm infants more easy occurs deficiency calcium, and in preterm infants growth speed fast Yu term infants, so easy occurs deficiency calcium sexual rickets.

② iron absorption usually happen again in the near term, insufficient reserves of iron in preterm infants.

③ last 3 months of intrauterine fetal zinc storage capacity of 250 μ g/kg · d, born of blood zinc high, so the term infants with rare zinc deficiency, due to low gestational age in preterm infants

, less storage of zinc, combined with the content of zinc in human breast milk cannot be required to meet growth in preterm infants, therefore zinc deficiency.

In breast milk of vitamins e, c, b and folic acid content is not enough and fast growth in preterm infants, relatively large demand for these vitamins. Breastfeeding does not completely meet the requirements of preterm infants for certain trace elements, vitamins, need appropriate to add.