On the induction of learning motivation in mentally retarded children and potential development

Develop comprehensive potential of mentally handicapped children, full genetic potential in mentally retarded children where possible, improve intelligence level and social adaptive ability of mentally retarded children, so that they become useful to society, support themselves workers, currently is the most fundamental purpose of education of mentally handicapped.

A long time, the domestic education of mentally handicapped in the following three main aspects of a wide range of research and practice, and achieved certain effects.

First: General intelligence training.

Through the use of specially designed training content, training methods and training equipment, training observation ability of mentally retarded children, memory, thinking, actions, and so on.

The second aspect: understand and grasp the nature and social knowledge.

By teaching the mentally handicapped children to master basic knowledge of natural and social sciences, rich knowledge content in mentally retarded children, increased insight, broaden one\'s horizon, acquisition must survival knowledge of life and social communication ability in the future.

The third aspect: training in work skills and mastering.

Through specially designed labor skills, professional training, training of mentally retarded children\'s survival and ability to work for them into the acquisition of the community in the future ability to support themselves.

Above three aspects to the potential development of mentally retarded children have achieved a certain degree of education, but there are also some shortcomings.

First, the long process of education, effective slower.

Poor memory and thinking ability of mentally retarded children in General, ways of thinking and knowledge application level very limited. On the process of understanding and grasping of knowledge is longer, the time spent, for children 2 to 10 times, (mainly refer to IQ in more than 60 children with mild mental retardation), many knowledge, lifelong learning might also not be able to understand and grasp of mentally retarded children.

Second, the simple methods of education, bad fit.

Chinese mentally handicapped education late, whether theory or method of education is very lacking, especially educational methods and means of education. People often are treated with normal methods of child education to mentally handicapped children to be taught, the particularity of mentally handicapped children reflect insufficiently, innovative ingredients rarely, this makes the mentally handicapped education difficult to achieve the effect.

Third, education low.

Because of the limited aptitude for mentally handicapped children, low degree of understanding and mastering for the knowledge and theoretical models of education and the teaching method of backward, mentally handicapped education-stricken areas considered for the effects of very low. Older children, their education-stricken areas considered for the effect of the lower. 7-10-stricken areas considered for teaching effect in mentally retarded children:-stricken areas considered for 70% within a year or so, about two years or less-stricken areas considered for two, about three years or less-stricken areas considered for 34%. 10-11-stricken areas considered for teaching effect in mentally retarded children:-stricken areas considered for 55% within a year or so, about two years or less-stricken areas considered for two, about three years or less-stricken areas considered for three. 12-14-stricken areas considered for teaching effect in mentally retarded children:-stricken areas considered for 40% within a year or so, about two years or less-stricken areas considered for two, about three years or less-stricken areas considered for 20%.

IV, education for mentally handicapped children\'s own sustainable development role is minimal.

Normal child after several years of education, with the increasing levels of knowledge, smart continued to develop, self awareness and self development, self-innovation ability, rapid development as well as the ability to study independently. Self education and developing awareness of the potential to give the future development of the child with a new driving forces for sustainable development. The common trends and factors for the sustainable development of normal children, mentally handicapped children are almost not see. Improve the situation, must by raised interest in learning in mentally retarded children, stimulate the enthusiasm of mentally handicapped children, eventually induced produce good study motivation in mentally retarded children.

Motivation is the subjective wishes and needs of human learning activities, is the inherent power of human pursuit of a certain purpose, most of the people acts are carried out under certain motives to guide. Motivation is often considered to be one of the most important non-intelligence psychological qualities. Learning motivation not the event itself, but the motivation is the first step in learning activities, learning motivations dominate all acts of the learning process. Therefore, the development potential of mentally handicapped children should first culture of learning motivation in mentally retarded children, the only way to enter the potential development role in mentally retarded children. Education of the most fundamental purpose is to maximize the development of human potential, and everyone\'s potential and ultimately the most important development depends on its own. Educators who are exploiting the potential of education, and education should be established as soon as possible potential self-consciousness and the development of demand, and learning potential of self-development capacity. Only in this way, educators can truly become the designers and creators of self-development and driving force of sustainable development. Because of the limited intelligence and knowledge share in mentally retarded children, the potential development process needs help from the outside world in to much more than children of normal intelligence. Therefore, the potential capacity for self-development of mentally retarded children are more worthy people to develop and improve.

Induction of learning motivation in mentally retarded children, motive power can lead to learning in mentally retarded children, triggering demand ongoing internal maintenance of learning activities for mentally handicapped children. Only motivation with a more stable, can guarantee learn constantly.

Motivation can seek to improve.

First, the use of incentives and to strengthen its evaluation of internal motivation. Punishment may not be able to prevent people from going to do something, while the award would encourage people. Learning is the main activities of the children have to engage in, for their work, parents must give appropriate evaluation, affirm the value of their labor, outstanding reward. Guide to reward is the primary means of cultivating children\'s good motivation.

Second, the learning outcomes of children, should be based on timely feedback to strengthen

Their sense of achievement, enhancing children\'s self-confidence. If children from parents or teachers to keep abreast of their learning achievements, see their abilities, their motivation would be significantly strengthened, will generate their own self-confidence, creativity sense of success.

Third, let children experience to create joy, encourage learning motivation of their psychological needs. Is not any need to become learning motivation, only those who can promote the study of psychological factors can become a motivation. Self actualization needs, needs for self-expression, and understand themselves and others around the world need, aesthetic and appreciation of the need, the pursuit of knowledge to meet the needs of curiosity, and so on, these are all factors of motivation. A common feature of these needs is people can use their own created to meet this need, and get pleasure.

IV, for mentally handicapped children, cultivation of motivation, not like normal children, should be in accordance with their aptitude. Practice shows that achieve the following targets of teaching for the cultivation of learning motivation in mentally retarded children is a necessity--independent of consciousness. Independent thought process is a starting point for all potential development, to make a good study motivation in mentally retarded children, we must develop independent thinking awareness, thus forming an independent discovery problem, independent problem-solving habits. To encourage mentally handicapped children exploring the psychological demand of development change things, the psychological demand will translate into learning motivation. To form a mentally handicapped children to apply the knowledge learned from actual behavior, and application development knowledge capacity, this is the main objective of the establishment of learning motivation in mentally retarded children.