Preterm infants need special care

Where a low birth weight infants should be separate from the normal newborns, if available, can be admitted to neonatal intensive care unit for monitoring treatment.

Yi 24~28℃ at room temperature and warm preterm infants, relative humidity is around 60%. Require the temperature to remain 36.5~37 ℃ (anus temperature), where a low birth weight 2000g, should be placed in the incubator to keep warm. If there are no incubator, available hot water bags, saline bottles, bricks, and so warm. Incubator will power on before use preheating, general power on for about 2 hours to make the box temperature stable, to be box temperature stability in order to put the newborn in. Oven temperature based on birth weight, body temperature, strength and life force to adjust the number of days of birth. All care should be implemented within the incubator, temperature once every 4-6 hours, and the box temperature and humidity. When a weight increase to more than 2000g, temperature stability, and when the fed and generally good, should be considered out of the incubator, but should closely watch, pay attention to temperature, weight gain and sucking nursing in General.

Second, the supply of oxygen in preterm infants with breathing irregular, small yanger multi-a history of intrauterine asphyxia, so maintaining airway patency after birth and given oxygen inhalation is an important treatment. Oxygen supply to lift bruising, without long-term oxygen, it is best to not more than 3 days. Oxygen concentration control in 30~40%, to maintain the arterial oxygen partial pressure in 50~80mmHg (6.7~10.6kPa). When breastfeeding cyanosis of preterm infants in oxygen for a few minutes before feeding. In preterm infants to 1000G, oxygen concentrations as high as 50~60%, after easily lead crystal fibrous hyperplasia and chronic bronchial and lung dysplasia; if too much oxygen, can accelerate the red blood cell destruction, increase the jaundice and anemia, should be noted.

Third, feeding to

prevent the occurrence of hypoglycemia is now advocate early feeding, 4 hours of general health began to feed sugar water, according to the sucking ability, available from 6-8 hours after beginning breastfeeding; infirm to glucose intravenous drip 10% liquid. Breast milk is the most ideal dairy low birth weight infants, if sucking good, can breastfeed or bottle feeding; good if poor sucking and swallowing, use eyedropper or small spoon feeding; if both sucking and swallowing difficulties, available made of soft silicone insert gastric tube or jejunal feeding, according to the individual circumstances of each feed once for 11 hours. Breastfeeding without hard and fast calculation into the milk, breastfeeding children be quiet to sleep at a time, weight gain satisfaction.

If there are no milk, available or 1:1 (milk and water ratio) concentration of milk feeding, milk per day into larger individual differences should not insist on all, but weight gain satisfaction as a criterion. Rough estimates 40ml/kg weight milk intake below the 2nd day, 3rd day 80ml/kg, 4th 120ml/kg, 5th day of 150ml/kg, later increments every day 10ml/kg, about 200ml per kg per day until the 10th days, equivalent to the weight of 1/5~1/4.

Four, vitamin intramuscular injection of Vitamin K1 on the first day after birth, 1~3mg every day, for 3 consecutive days, to prevent hemorrhage syndrome, daily vitamin C50~100mg after oral administration. Starting from the 2nd week of daily vitamin D400~600IU. In order to prevent hemolytic anemia caused by vitamin e deficiency in premature infants, are available from the second day after intramuscular injection of vitamin E50mg, or 10 days after birth plus vitamin E10~20mg/d; of the very low birth weight infants, increasing the dose of oral 20~30mg/kg/d, 2-3 months of continuous service.

Five, correcting hypoglycemia and acidosis suspected hypoglycemia, early 25% 2~4ml/kg rapid intravenous glucose liquid, later with 10% glucose intravenous

infusion of liquid to 10mg/kg even at a rate of per minute, blood sugar stability after last for 24 hours, later changed to oral. Wakao still have 4 hours after acidosis, 5% intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate glucose liquid equivalent diluted 5ml/kg and 10%.

Six room, preventing infection in preterm infants and bed frame, and so should be used by attention to disinfection and cleaning. Medical personnel must strictly follow aseptic systems, where the risk of feeling, skin infections, diarrhea or carriers, must be temporarily removed from the room. If suspicious patients with infectious diseases, early isolation, to prevent cross-infection. Does not generally advocated as a means of preventing infection with antibiotics.