Experts interviewed/Jin Zhe (Chief Physician of obstetrics and Gynecology)
Although fetal baby healthy and wise and genetic, but relatively nutrient is more important, especially for brain development. If there are insufficient nutrition, can affect fetal brain cells of baby development. Adequate fetal nutrition after the baby was born in strong, high IQ; lack of fetal nutrition baby after birth, physical and mental development is less advanced, and such defects at birth was difficult or unable to rectify or repair. Therefore, from the beginning of the pregnancy, pregnant Mommy will note that uptake nutrients-science-
Q: after pregnancy and gestation fetal baby mother what changes happen? These changes and related to nutrition?
A: call pregnancy pregnant medicine. To know that pregnancy is a physiological process, because while the fetal baby development and metabolism in various aspects of changes in the parent:
(1) the hormonal changes that occur in the body, causing maternal metabolism increase. In this way, to fetal growth and development of baby\'s needs on the one hand, and on the maternal pregnancy change adaptation, and to promote the development of reproductive system, lay the foundations for future deliveries.
(2) functional changes of digestive system. Due to the changes in hormone and metabolism, the pregnant mum appears in early pregnancy such as nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, anorexia morning sickness, in late pregnancy is often due to uterine enlargement affect the intestinal peristalsis, and constipation. But then it needs to absorb more nutrients than before the pregnancy.
(3) pregnancy pregnant Mommy organ load increases, such as kidney filtration function, as well as urea, creatinine and uric acid removal enhancements; increased cardiac output, blood forming organ has also increased due to maternal blood volume increase and red blood cells and to increase activities.
(4) water metabolism c
hanges. Pregnant mum during pregnancy increase the moisture content of approximately 7 liters. Distribution of water among extracellular about 1200 ml things, other fetal 5,800 ml are located in the baby\'s body. The nutritional status of pregnant mum, tend to affect the distribution of water in maternal and fetal baby.
Asked: in view of so many physiological changes in pregnancy the mother during pregnancy which nutrients are needed more than ever?
A: in General, during pregnancy should be concerned about protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron, iodine, VB1, VB2, VC, VA, v d, VE and intake of folic acid, DHA, phospholipids, and other nutrients. Because the protein is composed of the most basic human material, late pregnancy fetal baby fastest growth, high demand for proteins. Calcium and phosphorus is necessary for fetal growth and development of skeletal material, bone calcium levels in pregnancy 2 months after growing very fast. Need to iron the importance of calcium than needed during pregnancy, if iron supply shortage will affect the amount of stored iron baby, the baby after birth occurs within 4 months lack, caused by iron deficiency anemia. Folic acid deficiency is the main cause of fetal neural tube defects. Note that folate may promote fetal neural tube baby development, reducing the incidence of congenital neural tube defects.
Q: how pregnant Mummy can exposure to adequate nutrition and balanced?
A: nutritionists point out that the need for balanced and rational nutrition during pregnancy, that is, meat pigment mix, weight, food combining, hunger fed moderate, without favoritism, not fussy and personal activity, fitness and weight before pregnancy decisions nutritional intake and dietary focus. In early pregnancy, most pregnant Mummy appears response early pregnancy such as nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite. Therefore, this stage diet should be light, easy digestion and absorption, eat less greasy food, eat and drink less beverage and sou
p, don\'t drink alcohol or caffeine-containing drinks. At the same time, pay attention to eat more dark green vegetables, and addition of agents to adhere to the supplement of folic acid every day, silian, Materna, etc to avoid abnormal fetal neural tube development baby.
Second trimester morning sickness when fade, appetite improved. Enough heat energy and micronutrient supplementation, to meet the needs of their rapid growth and fetal baby. Therefore, the diet attention to the effects of meat on both match weight, eating less meals varieties. Avoid excessive consumption of fried and fatty foods and sweets (including fruit), prevent too-rapid weight gain, due attention to the supplement containing iron-rich foods, such as animal liver, beef, animal blood, in order to prevent iron deficiency anemia. If convulsions of legs, may be the performance of calcium deficiency, eating more calcium-rich foods such as milk, soybean products, such as shrimp and seaweed, should also increase the intake of milk. In order to ensure that calcium and vitamin intake, daily intake should ensure that more than 500 ml of milk or maternal milk or dairy products.
Late pregnancy fetal baby 3 months is one of the fastest growth stage, diet to ensure that the varieties. In the second trimester appropriate on the basis of increasing the intake of energy, protein, and essential fatty acids. At the same time, appropriate limit the intake of carbohydrates and fats, that is, reducing the amount of staples such as rice, flour, eating less fruit, so as not to tire baby grew too large. Edema of the close to childbirth if, should also reduce the intake of salt and soy sauce. Particularly worthy of mention is the third trimester are fetal baby critical period of brain development, Phospholipid supplementation on development stages of fetal brain, even has special value. In addition, you can eat dried fruit, such as walnuts, almonds, peanuts, pine nuts, where there is rich in unsaturated fa
tty acids, can provide adequate nutrition for fetal brain development.
Q: what does a Mommy Phospholipid supplementation on pregnancy and fetal?
Phospholipid on pregnant Mommy and the lactation Mommy has two aspects of role, a is this period human of consumption is large, to meet itself and children double aspects of nutrition need, Phospholipid insufficient will caused maternal of health status decline; second is fetal of only nutrition supply sources only mother, maternal of Phospholipid insufficient directly effect fetal and the baby of growth development, will caused preterm, and abortion, and respiratory and the nervous system development does not full, intelligence low, survival rate low. Only the mother\'s adequate daily intake of phospholipids, fetal and infant through the placenta and milk supply to meet the needs of both mother and infant.
Human development in several
The critical period Phospholipid supplies must be adequate, to ensure normal organs, systems and development needs. In embryo of Qian 12 week, the organ has began formation, especially brain of development, in sixth a months Shi brain cell of number and structure basic stereotypes, to was born Hou 1 years is brain mature of key period, if this stage due to Phospholipid lack , caused nutrition bad, will makes brain cell number and function decline up 60%, serious Shi even occurs neural development does not sound, intelligence low. So, enough of Phospholipid supplementation during pregnancy is very important.
Question: many pregnant Mommy frequent constipation during pregnancy, poor appetite, especially during early pregnancy, often affect the nutritional intake, take a number of ways to improve or correct the symptoms?
Answer: note arrangement on a diet food rich in dietary fiber. Because the dietary fiber promotes intestinal peristalsis, so as to play a role in runchang, promoting defecation to correct constipation, improve the digestion-absorption function of pregnant
Mommy. In people\'s daily consumption of foods, such as bananas, onions, garlic, honey, brown sugar, asparagus root, Jerusalem artichoke, wheat, barley, contains Fructo-oligosaccharides. Studies have shown that FOS was the most active dietary fiber is the most advanced Prebiotics, it on lactic acid bacteria and Bifidobacteria proliferation, proliferation effect of 10 to 100 times or more. Prebiotics to promote the proliferation of intestinal probiotics, help pregnant Mummy nutritional balance in the body. Therefore, pregnant Mommy drink milk every day to select the maternal milk powder added Fructo-oligosaccharides, such as o-optimal milk powder. In milk powder containing Fructo-oligosaccharides, through the promotion of pregnant Mommy proliferation of probiotic bacteria of the digestive system, regulating gastrointestinal digestion-absorption function. In this way, you can guarantee the pregnant mum on nutrient uptake, stable foundation for healthy growth and development of the fetal baby.
Q: the maternal milk varieties on the market today, what should I select?
Answer: generally, should contain adequate amounts of protein in milk powder, sugar, fat, vitamins a, c, d and b vitamins and other nutrients. Some pregnant women milk powder, as o excellent ability more pregnant infants excellent mother milk powder, in this Foundation Shang also special added has some nutrients: Phospholipid can improve brain information passed of speed and accuracy, enhanced memory; low poly fructose can promote pregnant Mommy of intestinal Yi health bacteria proliferation, regulation digestive absorption function; DHA can promote fetal of brain development and the optic nerve development; folic acid can prevention fetal neural tube malformation; beta-carotene parameter can improve pregnant Mommy of immunity, and promote fetal baby of vision development; vitamin e can enhanced fetal on hypoxia of tolerance sexual, and in postpartum promote milk secretion. Therefore, the pregnant
Mummy should choose this kind of milk powder. Are worthy, o how pregnant mother superior milk powder, is a low-fat milk, to postpartum physical recovery, and prevention of pregnancy.
Question: this special population of pregnant women, the choice of formula milk in addition to ensure all the necessary nutrition outside, when you should be aware of what?
Answer: milk is also very important, but people tend not to pay special attention to this point. Pollution-free cows produced milk is certainly the most suitable pregnancy Mommy. If infection in dairy cattle diseases, such as \"mad cow disease\" and \"dioxins\" or \"disease\" is terrible. More reliable source of milk including Australia cows, there are mostly natural grazing, introduced from milk, water, disinfection of lactation and milk cooling, storage, and so on, have full strictly regulate, \"from farm to fork\" of quality management system, strictly to ensure the safety of dairy products , high quality, said to be \"green milk source.\" And more worthy of mention is, o how pregnancy and young mothers milk is imported from Australia, the selection within 30 km of the pasture near the Victoria production base made of fresh milk, from the maximum guarantee of milk fresh and clean.
Is to be noted that, with or without antibiotic residues in milk powder is also pregnant Mommy problems of. Not long ago, one on the mainstream market dairy products health survey results show that some brands of antibiotic residues in milk powder more serious. Antibiotics can cause damage to the human body, in particular on fetal baby, is important to note that when buying. In General, get the national recognition of well-known manufacturers of production of the product, or import quality brands of milk powder quality more reliable.
Introduction to expert
Jin Zhe graduated from Qinghai Medical College medical specialty, obstetrics and Gynecology physician, doctor tutor. Current Oriental hospital gynaecology Director, head o
f Beijing University of traditional Chinese medicine and integrated Chinese and Western members of the society of obstetrics and Gynecology specialty in Beijing, Beijing Institute of obstetrics and Gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine, Vice Chairman of the professional member. In Gynecology for nearly 30 years, always work at the frontline of clinical, teaching and research. Assume the subject, the Ministry of education of the State administration of traditional Chinese medicine research fund University key teacher-funded research projects and topics such as Beijing University of traditional Chinese medicine research fund. Has been beijingzhongyiyaodaxue science and technology progress second class Prize, published articles in professional journals more than 10 papers, was involved in the preparation of maternal and child health series large books, was invited to several times in some of the maternal and child magazine writing popular science articles.
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